A COMPARISON OF BUSINESS-GOVERNMENT-SOCIETY RELATIONSHIPS IN THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPE

Introduction

The activities of business, society, as well as Government are quite fundamental in the globe, which is influential on various aspects of daily life. Businesses act for the satisfaction of the needs of society through the access of different services and products in exchange of monetary profit. Government is an individual structure that defines various rules and authorises application of such rules and policies. They also act for the betterment of the society and act as a regulatory body for observing the activities of business. Society can be said as a network constituting of human relations, which is composed of various methodologies, material things, ideas, and institutions. Hence, all the factors are mutually collaborated with one another, having great influence on one another through effective interactions. This essay deals with the three sectors, which are business sector, government sector, and society sector and a comparison of their relationship in the UK and Europe.

Business Sector

The business sector in the US highlights a system where different businesses can freely operate in a free market structure. In this system, the government of the country is having compelling rationale that must be followed for its intervention in the business system. Moreover, it is seen that the business system of the country is having a powerful bias of individualism among them, where the business is not always associated with the community (Puksas et al. 2019). The motive of profit is more intense in the business, which is relevant for individuals along with the individual businesses. There has always been the existence of a monopoly market in the US, which has created individualism in this sector of the country. However, the business sector of Europe does not highlight the features of individualism among the various businesses. It has shown the presence of various short-term as well as long-term developments through the presence of large enterprises. From the view of the business sector of both the places, it has various relations with the government along with the society of the respective countries.

Government Sector

As the markets of the US are having a mixed economy, both the features of socialism and capitalism are present in the market. This is because some of the businesses in the country are controlled directly by the government. Others are capitalised, as they are individually owned in public sectors. However, with the application of some business rules and regulations of the country, the private ones have to follow such rules for maintaining their operations. This is done through their registration with the government agencies of the country and the businesses can be carried on after legal approval of operations and licenses (Lam, 2016). The government of the country acts for the betterment of its economic affairs through the influence of direct control. This is also associated with the economy of the US, which is connected with licensing requirements and restrictions such as country infrastructures, roads, postal deliveries, and so on (Holtzman et al. 2011). However, it does not control the voluntary movements of the princes in the market, which is entirely dependent on the rise and fall of supply and demand.

The markets along with the operations of Europe are operated from the end of the government of the country. The business of the country is supported by the government, as the authorities spend money of the public for the development of the business and other industries. Moreover, the operations of the government are based on the fulfilment of the public interest, so that the society and the economy of the country can be benefited as a whole (Roy, 2019). For this, the government of Europe is having the power for supporting the business through grants, tax reliefs, and other types of advantages. Hence, the government sector of Europe is quite different from that of the US.

Society Sector

In a developed country such as the US, the advocacy groups have critical roles in creating interdependence among the society and the businesses. The businesses are responsible for the society with CSR practices, which are inclusive of creating remedies for several issues such as customer issues, governance, human rights, and so on (Gabsa, 2017). Moreover, another social sector that is involved with the operations in the US is the media, which act as an important intermediary between the connections of the society, government, and businesses (Lin, 2019). However, in Europe, it is seen that the social sector is entirely associated with the businesses, as the business’s operations are inclusive of social responsibilities for the society of the country. Moreover, the government of the country intervenes in the market and the businesses, so that the betterment of the society can be prioritised.

Comparison of Relation

The relation of business-government-society can be compared with effect from the situations seen in the US and Europe. This comparison can highlight the key differences in such relations between the two mentioned countries. In both the mentioned countries, the government is seen acting for protecting the interests of the businesses along with the businesses of the society. There are still some differences as the regulations of Europe are based on some principles, which make the relation in Europe more advanced than that in the US. This is due to the evolution of Marxism principals in Europe along with renaissance that brought drastic changes in the relationship. However, it is required in comparing the key relationship aspects that create differences in both countries.

US

The role of the businesses of the US is quite vital for its society, which are entirely regulated by the government authorities. With the effects of advanced globalisation, the development of the relationship is evident in the country, accelerating its pace. As the business transactions are being made on an international level, it is quite required in looking over the connections the government of the country is having with the business and the society (Toepler, 2018). Though there has been presence of individualism among the businesses of the country, it is also required for them in adhering to appropriate social responsibilities, which can be regulated by the government of the US (Holtzman et al. 2011). This is also true for the betterment of the immediate community along with fulfilling their own business interests and profitability. In the US, it is quite evident that the government directly does not intervene in the activities of the business houses. The intervention of the government can be against the business or can also be in the support of the business, which is entirely dependent on meeting the interests of the society. However, sometimes this is relevant for the sake of the society, which is measured in terms of CSR practices, which can be evaluated with the help of several cases.

The relationship among the three factors can be explained with the help of the beef recall case in the country, which happened in 2008 (Holtzman et al. 2011). After a video of a slaughtering house was leaked regarding the workers of the plant forcibly transferring sick cows to the slaughter areas, this was taken over by the Humane Society of the country. This led to a huge recall of the products of the plant. However, the Department of Agriculture of the country removed all of its officers from the issue, as it did not have the authority of directly recalling the products of the accused plant (Holtzman et al. 2011). However, as per the regulations of this department, it does not allow sick cattle to slaughter them in the production process of beef as they may have chances of carrying pathogens. As there were loopholes in the regulation activities, the department banned using sick cattle in the food supply process. The case has a clear view that the regulatory system of the US is not appropriate at first, which, however, acted quite quickly addressed the issue was identified (Holtzman et al. 2011). At this stage, it can be concluded the entire actions were taken by the advocacy group of the country so that the problem can be brought under control through the treatment of animals. The open media of the US took active part in spreading the news within the society, for which rapid actions were taken by the government authorities of the country.

Europe

Considering the facts of BGS relationship In Europe can be seen different from the US and it has changed the overview of the democratic ideal. Due to emerging industrialisation in Europe, BGS relationship growth can be seen with rejecting the ideas of Social Dominance model, which was backed by the idea of Marxism (Traverso, 2017).Such ideas were opposite to industrial capitalism, which obstructed the idea of dominating society through specific class and consideration of business with the decision-making from one standard. Achievement of the socialist reformation and dominance theory lacked equal distribution, which could be gained through power and wealth distribution. 

Technology and innovation has been fuelling business proposition from an ancient era, which remains unchanged in the business development in the modern age. In the year 1450, the printing press changed the overview of social activity and reformed the business proposition through the enactment of the printed documentation process. Such changes can be seen through reshaping European culture and innovative changes in the industry-wide sectors, Renaissance in Europe has been the motivator, and projector of the innovation, which later enhanced business support and gave rise to various free-market ideas. Martin Luther’s challenge to the scriptural dogma presented the Protestant Reformation. Scientific revolutions in entire Europe started technology upgrades, which changed the ideas based on business propagation. The invention of the Steam Engine in 1700 and Waterwheel in 1800 s triggered an industrial revolution (Stearns, 2018).

Variations in the process changed the business customs and improved the group versus individual initiatives in different cases. Apart from that, acceptability of women in the organisation, ethical values, gratuities changed the authority challenges and time changes in the business setting. Cultural differences stated the business factors, which can be seen with implementation of the US fast food in France, which forced out the traditional French dishes. Wearing custom nametags in the business meeting can be seen as an unacceptable medium, which lacked maturity states the cultural differences in Business development in a different nation. Modern nation-state system emerged as an unplanned process with the contiguous extension of the languages and it was subsequently alternated with the language-based reformation in eastern and Western Europe. Entire European culture and languages seen with these territories formed colonial empires for attaining high prestige and the mixed idea of ethnicity, culture, language, and religion (Botrić & Božić, 2016).

Changes in the government environment can be seen in the European context also, which includes a reduction in the spending average, GDP growth, welfare of the business with broad aspects of functional strategies. Europe can be seen with an increase in the percentages compared to developing countries, which is due to the new initiatives taken by the government. Social welfare promotion with provision for different transfer payment to the patients stated compliance with the enactment of new functions and enlargement of the electorates. This expansion was done through the selection of the lower class citizens in the new process and regulation of the industries to strict rule against abuses. Government growth was seen with a change in the practical business scenario changing the notion of social and business growth with developed business constraints (Hamann, 2019). 

Conclusion

The relationship of business-government-society is seen quite different in the economy of the two concerned countries. In both of them, the government plays an important role in protecting the interests of both businesses and society. Moreover, the ideology of industrial capitalism was not constituted in the relationship for Europe. It forms a well balance of the business-government-society relationship in Europe, thus forming an advanced relationship and interconnections among them by benefitting all of them. This was not present in the economy of the US, which followed some populist movements, which did not have successful efforts in reforming the relation of business-government-society of the country. As a concluding remark, it can be said that the relationship of the three concerned factors in Europe can set a different example as compared to that in the US, due to the presence of advanced industrialised system and the practices of Marxism, and therefore, forms a better relationship structure than that in the US.

Reference List for BUSINESS-GOVERNMENT-SOCIETY RELATIONSHIPS

Botrić, V., & Božić, L. (2016).Business-Government Relationship in European Post-Transition Countries: Do Innovators Get the Worse End of a Stick?. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 12(49), 5-21.

Gabsa, W. (2017).Business and Government Relations in Cameroon. In Business and Government Relations in Africa (pp. 291-313). Routledge.

Hamann, R. (2019). Dynamic de-responsibilization in business–government interactions. Organization Studies, 40(8), 1193-1215.

Holtzman, Y., Puerta, M., Lazarus, H., Wu, J., & Davidson, D. K. (2011). The business‐government‐society relationship: a comparison between China and the US. Journal of Management Development.

Lam, N. M. (2016). Business-government relationship in economic development. Asian Education and Development Studies.

Lin, P. (2019). Does the use of social media by US politicians negatively impact the relationship between the government and society?. What is Ratio?, 67.

Puksas, A., Gudelis, D., Raišienė, A. G., &Gudelienė, N. (2019). Business, government, society and science interest in co-production by relative evaluation using google trends. Management of Organizations: Systematic Research, 81(1), 55-71.

Roy, O. (2019). Business-Government Interaction: A Thematic Analysis. Economics-Innovation and economic research, 7(2), 7-17.

Stearns, P. N. (2018). The industrial revolution in world history. Abingdon: Routledge.

Toepler, S. (2018). Public philanthropic partnerships: The changing nature of government/foundation relationships in the US. International Journal of Public Administration, 41(8), 657-669.

Traverso, E. (2017). Left-wing melancholia: Marxism, history, and memory. Columbia University Press.

Essay on Business

A COMPARISON OF BUSINESS-GOVERNMENT-SOCIETY RELATIONSHIPS IN THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPE

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